Rankings · technology

Countries by researchers

Researchers in research and development per million people (UNESCO). 76 countries ranked for 2023 (per million).

2South Korea9,472 per million

3Sweden8,911 per million

		Value
1	Liechtenstein	18.1K per million	–	–
2	South Korea	9,472 per million	+46.7%	▲ 3
3	Sweden	8,911 per million	+32.6%	▲ 1
4	Denmark	8,838 per million	+24.2%	▼ 2
5	Finland	8,315 per million	+15.1%	▼ 4
6	Norway	7,451 per million	+32.9%	▲ 1
7	Austria	6,634 per million	+38.7%	▲ 4
8	Netherlands	6,563 per million	+34.3%	▲ 2
9	Switzerland	6,108 per million	–	–
10	Belgium	5,990 per million	+43.9%	▲ 7
11	Portugal	5,983 per million	+65.9%	▲ 10
12	Iceland	5,953 per million	+3.7%	▼ 6
13	Germany	5,926 per million	+35.3%	▲ 1
14	Ireland	5,753 per million	+11.9%	▼ 5
15	Slovenia	5,616 per million	+32.5%	=
16	Japan	5,609 per million	+8.6%	▼ 8
17	New Zealand	5,435 per million	+34.4%	▲ 2
18	France	5,369 per million	+29.9%	=
19	Luxembourg	5,359 per million	+15.0%	▼ 7
20	Greece	5,283 per million	+99.0%	▲ 8
21	Hong Kong S.A.R.	5,274 per million	+59.3%	▲ 2
22	Estonia	4,800 per million	+43.8%	=
23	Hungary	4,567 per million	+80.7%	▲ 7
24	Czechia	4,505 per million	+38.1%	=
25	Macao S.A.R	3,827 per million	+330.5%	▲ 20
26	Lithuania	3,704 per million	+28.7%	=
27	Poland	3,675 per million	+96.7%	▲ 6
28	Spain	3,654 per million	+39.3%	▲ 1
29	Slovakia	3,507 per million	+28.8%	▼ 2
30	Italy	2,855 per million	+49.0%	▲ 1
31	Russia	2,653 per million	-13.0%	▼ 6
32	Turkey	2,645 per million	+124.9%	▲ 8
33	Republic of Serbia	2,515 per million	+46.3%	▲ 3
34	Croatia	2,440 per million	+58.9%	▲ 4
35	Bulgaria	2,401 per million	+42.5%	▲ 2
36	Malta	2,355 per million	+25.3%	▼ 4
37	Latvia	2,191 per million	+22.3%	▼ 3
38	China	2,107 per million	+95.1%	▲ 4
39	Cuba	1,968 per million	–	–
40	Algeria	1,782 per million	–	–
41	Georgia	1,768 per million	+194.7%	▲ 14
42	Cyprus	1,686 per million	+63.7%	▲ 1
43	Azerbaijan	1,663 per million	–	–
44	Thailand	1,592 per million	+105.7%	▲ 3
45	Belarus	1,504 per million	–	–
46	Argentina	1,313 per million	+10.1%	▼ 7
47	Saudi Arabia	1,121 per million	–	–
48	Romania	1,082 per million	+17.1%	▼ 4
49	Armenia	1,040 per million	–	–
50	North Macedonia	922 per million	+32.9%	=
51	Uruguay	902 per million	+38.6%	▲ 1
52	Mauritius	853 per million	–	–
53	Egypt	845 per million	+67.0%	▲ 5
54	Vietnam	836 per million	+22.0%	▼ 3
55	Moldova	717 per million	-2.7%	▼ 7
56	Kazakhstan	693 per million	-3.8%	▼ 7
57	Bosnia and Herzegovina	670 per million	+193.9%	▲ 9
58	Oman	655 per million	+392.5%	▲ 12
59	Uzbekistan	542 per million	+5.2%	▼ 2
60	Costa Rica	508 per million	+41.5%	▲ 1
61	Pakistan	474 per million	+229.2%	▲ 8
62	Mexico	419 per million	+65.0%	▲ 3
63	Panama	253 per million	+532.5%	▲ 11
64	Bhutan	237 per million	–	–
65	Kenya	201 per million	–	–
66	Venezuela	180 per million	-50.5%	▼ 6
67	Kuwait	159 per million	–	–
68	Paraguay	139 per million	–	–
69	Rwanda	133 per million	+786.7%	▲ 9
70	Uganda	81 per million	–	–
71	El Salvador	55 per million	–	–
72	Togo	41 per million	–	–
73	Lesotho	32 per million	–	–
74	Myanmar	28 per million	–	–
75	Mali	26 per million	–	–
76	Guatemala	1 per million	-94.4%	▲ 1